编译Expat 2.6.2的rpm包并升级

本文介绍如何通过编译exapt源代码并将其打包成CentOS 7可用的RPM包，并升级安装到CentOS7环境。

# 1. 下载源码包

所需的源码包列表如下：
-  `Expat源码包` : https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/releases/download/R_2_6_2/expat-2.6.2.tar.xz

# 2. 运行环境说明

>注意：
操作环境: CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
操作用户：root

# 3. 安装基础环境

确保系统已安装必要的编译工具和依赖项。运行以下命令安装：
```bash
sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
sudo yum install rpm-build redhat-rpm-config
```

安装依赖
```bash
yum install -y make gcc perl perl-WWW-Curl
```

下载源代码
```bash
wget https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/releases/download/R_2_6_2/expat-2.6.2.tar.xz
```

# 4. 编译构建

**创建RPM构建目录**

```bash
mkdir -p ~/rpmbuild/{BUILD,BUILDROOT,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
```

**将源代码复制到SOURCES目录**

```bash
cp expat-2.6.2.tar.xz ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/
```

**创建RPM SPEC文件**

在`~/rpmbuild/SPECS/`目录下创建一个`.spec`文件，比如`expat.spec`，包含构建的配置信息。你可以根据需要自定义文件内容，以下提供第三方配置：

`expat.spec`文件基于该源改编：https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/expat/raw/4a3fcc982058bc18c00626d68e2e196b80462adb/f/expat.spec

附本站下载地址（ssl.spec文件）: [【附件】expat.spec.tar.gz](/media/attachment/2024/06/expat.spec.tar.gz)

**构建RPM包**
```bash
rpmbuild -ba ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/expat.spec
```

构建后的RPM包将保存在`~/rpmbuild/RPMS/<架构>/`目录下。

编译完成后，目录下会生成如下rpm包列表：
```
expat-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
expat-debuginfo-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
expat-devel-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
```

# 5. 升级更新

这将安装构建的expat RPM包到系统中。

**查看已安装的旧版本**
```bash
# 查看已安装版本
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q expat
expat-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64
```

**更新编译后的软件包**

```bash
# expat-<version>-<release>.<架构>.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum update ./expat-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm -y
```

**查看更新后版本**
```bash
# 查看更新后版本
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q expat
expat-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64
```

>⚠️注意：如果有安装旧版expat-devel，则需同步安装

```bash
[root@localhost ~]# yum update -y ./expat-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm ./expat-devel-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm
```
----

![](/media/202406/2024-06-04_171545_7798230.9888109552804267.png)

**回退到指定版本**
可以根据实际需要进行版本回退
>⚠️注意：如果已安装expat-devel包，则需要同步回退

```
yum downgrade expat-2.1.0-12.el7.x86_64.rpm expat-devel-2.1.0-12.el7.x86_64.rpm
```

# 附件[安装包]

[【附件】expat-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm](/media/attachment/2024/06/expat-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm)

[【附件】expat-devel-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm](/media/attachment/2024/06/expat-devel-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm)

[【附件】expat-debuginfo-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm](/media/attachment/2024/06/expat-debuginfo-2.6.2-16.el7_9.x86_64.rpm)